A cikin yanayi, jemagu suna amfani da echolocation na ultrasonic don nemo abin ganima, kuma a lokaci guda, ganima ya samo asali na kariya - wasu asu na iya shawo kan raƙuman ruwa na ultrasonic ta hanyar kyakkyawan tsari akan fikafikan su don guje wa tunanin sauti da ke bayyana matsayinsu.Wannan shine karo na farko da masana kimiyya suka gano kayan sauti a yanayi.Kodayake fuka-fukan asu suna nufin raƙuman ruwa na ultrasonic (mitar girgiza ya fi 20,000 Hz), ka'idodin su na ɗaukar sauti sun yi daidai da kowane nau'in kayan shayar da sauti da muke gani a rayuwarmu, amma na ƙarshe Daidaita ƙirar irin wannan zuwa mitar. band (20Hz-20000Hz) daidai da jin ɗan adam.A yau, bari muyi magana game da kayan kumfa masu alaƙa da NVH.
Sauti ya samo asali ne daga girgizar abu, kuma wani lamari ne na igiyar ruwa wanda ke yaduwa ta hanyar matsakaici kuma ana iya gane shi ta bangaren ji na mutum.NVH tana nufin surutu (amo), girgiza (vibration) da kaushi (harshness), wanda surutu da rawar jiki ne suka fi ji kai tsaye daga gare mu, yayin da tsananin sautin da aka fi amfani da shi don kwatanta yanayin yanayin jikin ɗan adam game da rawar jiki da hayaniya. .jin rashin jin daɗi.Tun da waɗannan ukun suna bayyana a lokaci guda a cikin girgizar injiniya kuma ba za su iya rabuwa ba, yawanci ana nazarin su tare.
Kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoton da ke ƙasa, lokacin da aka shigar da sauti a cikin kayan aiki ko saman ɓangaren tsarin tsarin sauti, wani ɓangare na makamashin sauti yana nunawa, wani ɓangare na shi ya shiga cikin kayan, kuma wani ɓangare na shi ya shafe shi da kayan. shine, juzu'i tsakanin sauti da matsakaicin kewaye yayin yaduwa ko tasirin kayan aikin.Vibration, tsarin da makamashin sauti ya canza zuwa zafi kuma ya ɓace.Gabaɗaya magana, kowane abu na iya ɗaukar sauti kuma yana nuna sauti, amma matakin ɗauka da tunani ya bambanta sosai.
Kayan NVH sun kasu galibi zuwa kashi biyu: kayan shayar da sauti da kayan kariya da sauti.Lokacin da igiyar sauti ta shiga cikin kayan da ke ɗaukar sauti, zai haifar da iska da zaren da ke cikin kayan suyi rawar jiki, kuma makamashin sauti zai canza zuwa makamashin zafi kuma wani sashi nasa zai cinye, kamar buga soso da soso. naushi.
Kayan da ke hana sauti shine kayan da ake amfani da su don toshe amo, kamar yadda hannu ya buga garkuwa ya toshe shi kai tsaye.Abubuwan da ke rufe sauti suna da yawa kuma ba su da ƙura, kuma yana da wuyar raƙuman sauti su shiga, kuma yawancin makamashin sauti yana nunawa a baya, don cimma tasirin tasirin sauti.
Kayan da aka yi da kumfa tare da tsari mai laushi suna da fa'idodi na musamman a cikin ɗaukar sauti.Kayayyakin da ke da ƙaƙƙarfan tsarin microporous har ma suna da tasirin sauti mai kyau.Kumfan sauti na NHV na yau da kullun sun haɗa da polyurethane, polyolefin, resin roba, da gilashi.Kumfa, kumfa na karfe, da dai sauransu, saboda halaye daban-daban na kayan kanta, tasirin tasirin sauti da raguwar amo zai bambanta.
Polyurethane kumfa
Kayan kumfa na polyurethane yana da tsarin hanyar sadarwa na musamman, wanda zai iya ɗaukar babban adadin makamashi mai shigowa mai shigowa don cimma sakamako mai kyau na ɗaukar sauti, kuma a lokaci guda yana da babban sake dawowa da kyakkyawan aikin buffering.Duk da haka, ƙarfin kumfa na polyurethane na yau da kullum yana da ƙasa, kuma tasirin tasirin sauti ba shi da kyau, kuma aikin ɗaukar sauti zai ragu tare da wucewar lokaci.Bugu da ƙari, ƙonewa zai haifar da iskar gas mai guba, wanda ba shi da abokantaka da yanayin.
XPE/IXPE/IXPP polyolefin kumfa abu
XPE / IXPE / IXPP, sinadarai mai haɗin gwiwa / lantarki mai haɗin polyethylene / polypropylene kumfa abu, yana da sautin sauti na halitta, ƙirar thermal, kwantar da hankali da kariyar muhalli, da tsarin kumfa mai kyau na ciki mai kyau yana da kyau ga sautin murya da rage amo.Kyakkyawan aiki.
kumfa roba
Rubber foamed shine manufa NVH abu, kuma kayan kamar silicone, ethylene-propylene-diene roba (EPDM), nitrile-butadiene roba (NBR), neoprene (CR), da styrene-butadiene roba (SBR) sun fi na baya. biyu kayan., Yawan yawa ya fi girma, kuma cikin ciki yana cike da ƙananan ɓangarorin da ƙananan sassa masu buɗewa, waɗanda suka fi sauƙi don ɗaukar makamashin sauti, mafi wuya a shiga, da kuma rage raƙuman sauti.
melamine resin kumfa
Melamine resin kumfa (melamine kumfa) wani kyakkyawan abu ne mai ɗaukar sauti.Yana da tsarin tsarin grid mai girma uku tare da isassun buɗe ido.Ana cinye girgizawa kuma ana shayar da shi, kuma za a iya kawar da igiyar da aka nuna yadda ya kamata a lokaci guda.A lokaci guda kuma, yana da ƙarin fa'idodi masu yawa da daidaitawa fiye da kayan kumfa na gargajiya dangane da jinkirin harshen wuta, ƙarancin zafi, nauyi mai sauƙi da siffar sarrafawa.
kumfa aluminum
Ƙara abubuwan da za a iya ƙarawa zuwa narkakken tsantsar aluminum ko aluminum gami da aika shi zuwa akwatin kumfa, allurar gas don samar da kumfa mai ruwa, da ƙarfafa kumfa mai ruwa don samar da kayan ƙarfe.Yana da kyakkyawan ikon rufe sauti, kuma aikin ɗaukar sauti yana da ɗanɗano mai ɗorewa, ingantaccen rayuwar sabis na iya kaiwa sama da shekaru 70, kuma ana iya sake yin fa'ida da sake amfani da shi 100%.
gilashin kumfa
Wani abu ne na gilashin da ba na ƙarfe ba wanda aka yi da gilashin da aka karye, wakili mai kumfa, gyare-gyaren ƙari da ƙarar kumfa, da dai sauransu, bayan an yayyafa shi da kyau kuma an gauraye shi daidai, sannan a narke a babban zafin jiki, a yi kumfa da annealed.
A rayuwa ta gaske, sau da yawa babu wani abu da zai iya ɗaukar raƙuman sauti gaba ɗaya a cikin maɗauran mitar mitoci daban-daban, kuma babu wani abu da zai iya yin aiki mara lahani a aikace.Don cimma sakamako mafi kyau na shayar da sauti, sau da yawa muna ganin haɗuwa da kumfa mai sauti na sama da su tare da nau'ikan abubuwan sha / sauti na sauti don samar da nau'o'in nau'in kumfa da aka ƙarfafa kayan haɗin gwiwa, kuma a lokaci guda don cimma sakamako. na ɗaukar sauti na kayan abu da tsarin tsarin sautin sauti, don cimma Ayyukan ɗaukar sauti na kayan aiki a cikin nau'ikan mitar mitoci daban-daban na mitar mitoci da ƙananan mitoci.Misali, tsarin hadewar kumfa mai sauti da nau'ikan hanyoyin da ba a saka ba na iya yin cikakken amfani da tsari mai girma uku na na ƙarshe don mafi inganci don rage girgizar raƙuman sauti, ƙirƙirar damar da ba ta da iyaka don ɗaukar sauti da rage amo;) kumfa sanwici Layer kayan hade, bangarorin biyu na fata suna hade da carbon fiber ƙarfafa abu, wanda yana da mafi girma inji rigidity da kuma karfi tasiri ƙarfi, game da shi samun mafi m girgiza da rage amo.
A halin yanzu, ana amfani da kayan kumfa na NVH sosai a cikin sufuri, injiniyan gini, rage amo na masana'antu, kera motoci da sauran fannoni.
Sufuri
Gine-ginen sufurin biranen ƙasara ya shiga wani mataki na samun ci gaba cikin sauri, kuma hayaniyar hayaniya kamar motoci, jiragen ƙasa, zirga-zirgar jiragen ƙasa na birane da na maglev sun ja hankalin jama'a sosai.A nan gaba, kumfa mai sauti da kayan haɗin gwiwarsa suna da babban damar aikace-aikacen a cikin sautin sauti da rage amo na manyan hanyoyi da zirga-zirgar birane.
ayyukan gine-gine
Dangane da gine-gine da tsari, ban da kyakkyawan aikin sauti, kayan suna da matuƙar buƙatu akan aminci, kuma jinkirin harshen wuta alama ce mai wahala wacce ba za a iya wucewa ba.Filayen kumfa na gargajiya (kamar polyolefin, polyurethane, da sauransu) suna ƙonewa saboda ƙarfin nasu.Lokacin konewa, suna narkewa kuma suna haifar da ɗigon ruwa.Digon da ke ƙonewa zai haifar da yaduwar wuta da sauri.Domin ya dace da ka'idoji da ka'idoji masu dacewa da harshen wuta, sau da yawa ya zama dole don ƙara yawan wutar lantarki, da yawa daga cikinsu za su bazu lokacin da aka fallasa su ga zafi a yanayin zafi, kuma suna fitar da hayaki mai yawa, mai guba da iskar gas.haifar da bala'o'i na biyu da gurbatar muhalli.Don haka, a fagen gine-gine, kayan acoustic da ke da hana wuta, da hayaki maras nauyi, da rashin guba, da rage lodin wuta mai inganci, za su fuskanci wannan babbar dama ta ci gaban kasuwa, ko gine-ginen kasuwanci ne kamar wuraren wasannin motsa jiki, gidajen sinima, otal-otal, wuraren shagali. da dai sauransu gine-gine.
Rage Hayaniyar Masana'antu
Hayaniyar masana'antu tana nufin hayaniyar da masana'anta ke samarwa yayin aikin samarwa saboda girgizar injina, tasirin gogayya da hargitsin iska.Saboda yawancin hayaniyar masana'antu da kuma warwatse, nau'ikan amo sun fi rikitarwa, kuma ci gaba da hanyoyin samar da sauti suna da wahalar ganowa, wanda ke da wahalar sarrafawa.
Saboda haka, sarrafa hayaniyar a cikin masana'antu a yankin da aka haɗa da matakan haɗi kamar, rufin sauti, raguwar sauti, raguwar sauti, raguwar bututun mai, don dawo da amo zuwa matakin yarda ga mutane.digiri, wanda kuma shine yiwuwar aikace-aikacen yanki na kayan acoustic.
kera abin hawa
Ana iya raba tushen hayaniyar mota zuwa hayaniyar inji, amo na rawan jiki, hayaniyar taya, hayaniyar chassis, hayaniyar iska da amo ta ciki.Rage hayaniyar da ke cikin gidan zai inganta jin daɗin direba da mazauna.Bugu da ƙari, inganta tsattsauran ra'ayi na chassis da kuma kawar da ƙananan resonance yanki dangane da ƙira, kawar da amo yana da yawa ta hanyar keɓewa da sha.Daga ra'ayi na ceton makamashi, ana buƙatar kayan da ake amfani da su don zama marasa nauyi.Daga ra'ayi na aminci, ana buƙatar kayan aiki don samun kayan juriya na wuta da zafi.Zuwan kumfa mai kumfa da nau'ikan kayan haɗaɗɗun ayyuka daban-daban suna ba da sabbin damar haɓaka juriya na amo, aminci, aminci, ceton makamashi da kare muhalli na motocin.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-17-2022